Recently in the city of Ivinhema, interior of the state of Mato Grosso Of the South, the possible establishment of an alcohol plant and sugar generated quarrels on the consequences that this installation would bring to the population and the environment of the region. Those that is favorable are based on the fact of that hundreds of new jobs will be generated, occupying of this form it has left of the population currently dismissed what it will go to improve the condition of life of many inhabitants, the valuation of the property will increase the purchasing power of the proprietors of houses, small farms and farms that consequently will buy more and heat the sales in the commerce generating still more profits. However, I believe that the impacts caused for this plant will be bigger of what the advantages that the same one will bring, therefore with the burning of the sugar cane, air will be very poludo and the ground will be degraded in result of the cultivation of the sugar cane-of-sugar. Still, the great reduction of diverse agricultural cultures had to the strong incentive to the sugar cane plantation, with this reduction in the internal production the importation it will be inevitable, what tax to the consumer will increase the value of the end item. Statisticians point that the violence in small cities tends to grow vertiginously with the arrival of new companies, since most of the time does not exist urban infrastructure to follow the growth rhythm, this occurs due to lack of planejamentos that aim at the economic development not only, but the welfare and conditions of life of the population. Being thus, it is indispensable that for the installation of this plant it must be carried through an ample study and project, so that the negative effect are minimized, therefore contrary case the population will be penalizada by the planning lack.